Essay on Behavior in All Quiet on the Western Front and...

Comparison of Human Behavior in All Quiet on the Western Front and Lord of the Flies An authors view of human behavior is often reflected in their works. The novels All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque and Lord of the Flies by William Golding are both examples of works that demonstrate their authors view of man, as well his opinion of war. Goldings Lord of the Flies is highly demonstrative of Goldings opinion that society is a thin and fragile veil that when removed shows man for what he truly is, a savage animal. Perhaps the best demonstration of this given by Golding is Jacks progression to the killing of the sow. Upon first landing on the island Jack, Ralph, and Simon go to survey their new†¦show more content†¦The sow collapsed under them and they were heavy and fulfilled upon her. In this case it is certain that animal savagery is displayed by the boys. Because they have been away from organized society for such a long time, the boys of the island have become Goldings view of mankind, vile, destructive beasts. Although Golding shows that the longer one is away from society the closer to his view one becomes, the institution of civilization does not escape his criticism. Golding shows through many examples that those who are civilized are just as prone to violence and war as those who are isolated. The first example presented in the novel occurs when the boys attempt to emulate the British democratic government. The boys prize the adults that run the government as the best decision makers. It is these civilized adults, however, who started the war which has forced the boys onto the island. Also, in their mimicking of adult society, one of the first things that the boys do is establish the choir as an army or a group of hunters. Another of the criticisms of orderly society comes when Ralph asks for a sign from the adult world. Ralph d oes receive his sign in the form of a dead parachute shot down in an air battle above the island. This can be interpreted as saying that the savagery existent in man is even shown in the so called civilized world through acts of war. Golding clearly sees war as an action of destruction caused by man becauseShow MoreRelatedSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 PagesP age |1 Top 30 Examples to Use as SAT Essay Evidence An exclusive special report from eSATPrepTips.com By Christian Heath P age |2 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Adventurers and Explorers: Amelia Earhart (Female Aviation Pioneer) ................................................................................................ 5 ChristopherRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 PagesLecture on Alchemy by Terence McKenna On the Moon and the Lunar Mansions IV. Extracts on the Moon V. The Mansions of the Moon: â€Å"On the Creation, Proportion and Composition of the Heavens for the Fashioning of Images† VI. The Picatrix: Lunar Mansions in Western Astrology VII. W. B. Yeats and â€Å"A Vision:† The Arab Mansions of the Moon On Ritual and Talismans Picatrix Astrological Magic Aphorisms Extracts on Planetary Ritual Clothing Twenty Two Benefic Astrological Talismans Astrology, Magical Talismans andRead MoreConfucianism in Journey to the West31834 Words   |  128 PagesIntroduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ . 1 2. Theory†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 2.1. Discourse theory – A Short Explanation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 2.2. Confucianism†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 2.2.1. The Principles of Confucianism†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 2.2.2. The Confucian Revival†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 2.3. Human Behavior: Nurture versus Nature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 3. Background Information†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 3.1. China’s Media Reform†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 3.1.1. From Class Struggle to Cultural Education: Changes in the Media Landscape†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 Read MoreMasculinity in the Philippines12625 Words   |  51 Pagesthat was empire, colonial armies proved as surprisingly potent agents of social change, introducing a major Western institution, with imbedded values, in a forceful, almost irresistible, manner. As powerful, intrusive institutions, modem armies transformed cultures and shaped gender identities, fostering rhetoric and imagery whose influence has persisted long after colonial rule. Above all, these armies, colonial and national, propagated a culture, nay a cult of masculinity. Recent historical researchRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesSTUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanicalRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesOxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Copyright  © 2003 by Ennis Barrington Edmonds The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or underRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesinteractive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced student user Ask your local representative for details! Collaborate with

A Brief Note On Diabetes Mellitus Type II - 1141 Words

One of the diseases more prevalent in my family is Diabetes Mellitus type II. It has been the cause of death of one of my paternal great grandmothers, and now it is starting to develop in my maternal grandmother as prediabetes. Therefore, it is very important for me to identify the characteristics of this disease, its prevalence, its risk factors and prevention, and its treatments. According to the American Diabetes Association, type 2 diabetes, or non-insulin dependent diabetes, is defined as a chronic condition in which the body does not use insulin properly, this is known as insulin resistance. This condition is caused because the pancreas is not able to produce the insulin necessary to normalize blood glucose levels, so these levels†¦show more content†¦These terms stand for increased thirst, hunger, and urination respectively. Hunger may increase because cells do not receive enough energy in form of glucose, which can also cause fatigue. Weight loss is another symptom. As the body cannot metabolize the sugar, the body uses other sources for energy. Blurred vision is another symptom of diabetes. As glucose is too high on blood, fluid may be pulled from the eye lenses affecting the ability to focus. In addition, as diabetes affects the healing and resisting infections’ ability, slow-healing sores or frequent infections have a high incidence in diabetics. Finally, the insulin resistance may produce acanthosis nigricans which is a production of areas of darkened skin. In the long term, more serious conditions may be developed from diabetes. One of these complications is cardiovascular disease. Diabetes increses the risk of heart attack, stroke and hypertension among others. Diabetes may also end in neuropathy, which expresses in tingling, numbness, and even loss of all sense in affected limbs. This also may lead to foot damage, which can end up in amputation of affected areas with gangrene. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and erectil e dysfunction can occur also because of the nerve damage. Nephropathy is another complication. Diabetes damages the filtering system of kidneys leading to kidney failure. This might end up requiring dialysis or kidney transplant. Diabetes can provoke eye

Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club a Baseball Accounting...

KANSAS CITY ZEPHYRS BASEBALL CLUB: A BASEBALL ACCOUNTING DISPUTE The controversy between the owners and players concerning how to account the expenses is crucial to understand if the company could be profitable and then able to meet players’ requirements. In this case three problems are under the scrutiny of the arbiter: roster depreciation, player compensation and the transfer pricing of related party operation, thus issues regarding the stadium cost. Players and owners are struggling against each other in order to win the bargain trying to force and emphasize their own reasons. Since they have not reached an agreement yet, a super-partes moderator has been asked to figure out the outcome of the bargain, relying on good and rational†¦show more content†¦Indeed, the economic discipline affirm for signing bonuses to be capitalized and amortized over the lives of the contracts as players are signed in the first place because they are expected to provide benefits over the lives of their contracts. Again, players were in force with th eir reasons. A third debate arises from the fact that some players no longer on the current roster are being paid amounts that were previously guaranteed in multi-year contracts because of they are retired or injured. The issue is whether the payments should be expensed as they are paid out or whether the total future value of these payments should be expensed when the players are removed from the roster. Owners asseverate that the total future value of these payments should be expensed when the players are removed from the roster because they are no more active players, hence they do not affect company’s current revenues. However, players want to persuade them the payments should be expensed as they are made. If it is not, income numbers would be heavily subject to high volatility depending on when they are released and on the duration of the contracts. Additionally, players say, these contracts could be picked up by another team as well, and then the company would not have to pay any li ability. Reasonably,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Case Analysis 10-3 Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc.1727 Words   |  7 Pagesaccrual accounting? (Why do not we fire all accountants and just publish summary bank statements) Why do the differences between owners’, players’, GAAP and truth number exist?(Can accounting numbers be neutral representations of what happened? What happens if a retired non-roster player (e.g. Joe Portocararo) returns to the active roster while continuing to earn the same money promised him in his guaranteed contract? Of what importance are the periodic net income numbers if the clubs can alwaysRead MoreCase Analysis 10-3 Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc. Essay1719 Words   |  7 Pagesaccrual accounting? (Why do not we fire all accountants and just publish summary bank statements) Why do the differences between owners’, players’, GAAP and truth number exist?(Can accounting numbers be neutral representations of what happened? What happens if a retired non-roster player (e.g. Joe Portocararo) returns to the active roster while continuing to earn the same money promised him in his guaranteed contract? Of what importance are the periodic net income numbers if the clubs can alwaysRead MoreKansas City Zephyr622 Words   |  3 PagesFocus of the Class: Accounting reports are often used in contracting. In this situation, baseball team owners and the players differ on the financial results of operations. An arbitrator has to decide which income number best represents a teams financial performance for the purpose of arbitration. Questions: 1. Who do you think is correct about the true profitability of Kansas City Zephyrs – the owners or the players? a. both are correct on different issues and there is one issueRead MoreKansas City Zephyrs Case646 Words   |  3 PagesKansas City Zephyrs Case This case is a good example of the â€Å"earnings game†. A dispute arose between the baseball team owners and the players association on the true profitability of the baseball business. The case describes 3 main areas for which the accounting is being disputed: * Roster depreciation * Player compensation * Current Roster Salary - Deferred Compensation * Amortization of Signing Bonuses * Non-Roster Guaranteed Roster Expense * Transfer pricingRead MoreDarden Mba Resumes16768 Words   |  68 Pagesscholarship); ï‚ · GMAT: 730; AWA: 5.5 ï‚ · Member of Finance Club, Energy Club and Darden Capital Management Club Charlottesville, VA Nanyang Technological University Singapore Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Engineering) and Minor in Business, June 2006 ï‚ · Awarded full scholarship (among top 50 from over 10,000 candidates) ï‚ · Received First Class Honors (top degree distinction, GPA: 3.95). Dean s list holder (among top 5%) ï‚ · President of NTU Apex Club (premier club for computer programming enthusiasts); spearheaded

The Color Of Justice Race, Ethnicity, And Crime - 939 Words

Chapter 4 in The Color of Justice: Race, ethnicity, and crime in America, was about the relations between society and law enforcement officers. This has been a major topic, especially in the United States for a long time. The unfortunate statistic that minorities are more likely to encounter being killed, arrested, and victimized by excessive physical force; has been a real issue even in today’s society. However, police departments are trying to combat the way police officers interact with the community; especially those of color. Although steps have been takes there are still some instances where police aggression happens. With all of the issues that arise between certain minority populated community’s police it is evident that conflict†¦show more content†¦The second argument is, maybe police officers just know what they are looking for. For example, last semester I had to watch a video and a police officer said, â€Å"We aren’t racially profiling, we just know who is involved with who when you work in the same area for a long period of time.† There really is not explaining that statement. Now yes, there are some police officers that do racially profile people, but if a police officer works in a certain area for a length of time, he or she knows who and what to look for. On the other hand, officers have to deal with getting complaints from the community as well. â€Å"One of the greatest sources of tension between police and minorities in the perceived failure of police departments to adequately to citizen complaints† (Walker et. al, 2012:170). Police have complaints filed against them all the time because of the high number might be a reason too, why not all of the complaints are adequately taken care of. I believe that the police department should have some bias against some complaints because some complaints can become a little outrageous. However, I also believe that if the person filing the complaint has enough evidence to prove what happened, really happened, then the process will move forward. Now, being a police officer’s wife, when a complaint is filed against my husband, for whatever reason, theShow MoreRelatedThe Good and Bad of Racial Profiling1250 Words   |  5 Pages It has been said that racial profiling has been used more than once as a way to detain suspects that arouse suspcion according to NAACP. Racial profiling is the suspicion of people based on race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, or other immutable charateristics rather than evidence based behavior. Eventhough statistics say otherwise racial profiling should not be used as a reasnoable right to detain an individual because it is unlawful, discrinmatory, and ineffective. Even though statisticsRead MoreRacial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System1034 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The system is not fair. Institutional racism is alive and well in the juvenile justice system as it is in the criminal justice system, due to racial disparity and bias in the court room† (Jones, Bridgett). This is a statement that plagues many people involved in the justice systems. There are huge racial disparities throughout the world. Post-Slavery: the early development of the Race/Crime Connection, Profiling: Racializing possible cause, and differential bias involvement as well as institutionalRead MoreA Visual Of The Mitochondrial Dna1484 Words   |  6 Pagesof genetic material that was left behind at a crime scene. By being able to determine physical traits such as hair color, eye color, height and skin pigmentation researchers can narrow in on the appearance of a person who committed a crime. This is crucial in forensic genetics who’s geneticists pl ay a vital role in investigating crimes and in turn play a vital role in the legal department as well when attempting to determine who committed what crime and what the basis is who police should be lookingRead MoreRacism And The Criminal Justice System1190 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction In today’s American society much of the issues incurred are centered on racism or racial discrimination encompassing crime and the criminal justice system. A vast majority of the issues in the criminal justice system relate to race, ethnicity, or economic class and captures actions by legislators, the policies of the police, and the practices of the courts. In 2009 alone, African American males accounted for 6.7 times more incarceration rates than whites in both state and federal penitentiariesRead MoreEthnicity and Crime1008 Words   |  4 PagesWhy are some ethnic minorities, but not others, over-represented in patterns of arrest and imprisonment in the UK? To what extent is this attributed to discrimination? Race has been generally redefined by social scientists as a pseudo-scientific concept, and one that is rooted in racist ideology (Phillips and Bowling, 2007, p. 422). Yet equally as problematic are the statistics showing that there are a disproportionate number of black people in prison in the UK: 11% of the prison populationRead MoreNo Officer, I m Not A Criminal?1415 Words   |  6 Pagesin another. Race is one of these faults, and is a huge cause in civil rights violation. The dictionary defines racial profiling as, â€Å"the use of race or ethnicity as grounds for suspecting someone of having committed an offense†. However, in reality, racial profiling is violating the civil rights of minorities and Muslims. According to the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) â€Å"Racial profiling by law enforcement is commonly defined as a practice that targets people for suspicion of crime based on theirRead MoreIs The Only Real Truth?1437 Words   |  6 PagesTo me the only real re ason the universe continues to exist is that there is nothing to stop it from doing so, if there was nothing to stop a person from committing crime they would continue to do so... same concept. I believe in a more realistic view of the future where people aren’t heading toward some great point after death but only to a hole in the ground. I believe in the things that science has taught us and that it is the only real truth in our world today. I am now, have always been and willRead MoreRacial Ethnic Differences Of Offending, Victimization, And Incarceration Essay963 Words   |  4 Pagescriminal justice system both as offenders and as victims.   According to the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) for 2003, African Americans (who were 12.7 percent of the population in 2003) were arrested for 37 percent of violent crimes (murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault) and 29 percent of property crime (102:288). African Americans are disproporti onately arrested for violent crimes and whites for burglaries and property crimes. Although most crime is committedRead MoreRacial Profiling: The Color of Justice in America Essay843 Words   |  4 Pagesyears there has been an ongoing debate surrounding the issue of racial profiling. The act of racial profiling may rest on the assumption that African Americans and Hispanics are more likely to commit crimes than any individual of other races or ethnicities. Both David Cole in the article The Color of Justice and William in the article Road Rage take stance on this issue and argue against it in order to make humanity aware of how erroneous it is to judge people without evidence. Although Cole and WilliamRead MoreAn Argument Against Racial Profiling by Police1379 Words   |  6 Pagesbased on that individual’s race or ethnicity. Racial profiling propels a brutalizing message to citizens of the United States that they are pre-judged by the color of their skin rather than who t hey are and this then leads to assumptions of ruthlessness inside the American criminal justice system. With race-based assumptions in the law enforcement system a â€Å"lose-lose† situation is created due to America’s diverse democracy and destroys the ability to keep the criminal justice system just and fair. Although

Confident Interval Free Essays

Fall 2012 Assignment 5 (Total Points Possible: 15) Name: Banner ID: Instructions: Use this page as your cover page, and attach your groupwork behind your work. Your assignment answers should be in complete and grammatically correct sentences. 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Confident Interval or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to the National Center for Health Statistics (2004), 22. 4% of adults are smokers. A random sample of 300 adults is obtained. (a) Describe the sampling distribution of phat, the sample proportion of adults who smoke. (b) In a random sample of 300 adults, what is the probability that at least 50 are smokers? c) Would it be unusual if a random sample of 300 adults results in 18% or less being smokers? Explain your answer. 2. A machine at KA Tube Manufacturing Company produces a certain copper tubing component in a refrigeration unit. The tubing components produced by the manufacturer have a mean diameter of 0. 75 inch with a standard deviation of 0. 004 inch. The quality-control inspector takes a random sample of 30 components once each week and calculates the mean diameter of these components. If the mean is either less than 0. 748 inch or greater than 0. 752 inch, the inspector concludes that the machine needs an adjustment. a) Describe the sampling distribution of the sample mean diameter for a random sample of 30 such components. (b) What is the probability that, based on a random sample of 30 such components, the inspector will conclude that the machine needs an adjustment when, in fact, the machine is correctly calibrated? 3. In a random sample of 678 adult males 20 to 34 years of age, it was determined that 58 of them have hypertension (high blood pressure). Source: The Centers for Disease Control. (a) Obtain a point estimate for the proportion of adult males 20 to 34 years of age who have hypertension. b) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of adult males 20 to 34 who have hypertension. Interpret the confidence interval. You wish to conduct your own study to determine the proportion of adult males 20 to 34 years old who have hypertension. (c) What sample size would be needed for the estimate to be within 3 percentage points (interval length is 0. 06) with 95% confidence if you use the point estimate obtained in part (a)? (d) What sample size would be needed for the estimate to be within 3 percentage points with 95% confidence if you don’t have a prior estimate (use phat=. )? 4. A random sample of 60 married couples who have been married 7 years was asked the number of childr en they have. The results of the survey are as follows: 0 0 0 3 3 3 1 3 2 2 3 1 3 2 4 0 3 3 3 1 0 2 3 3 1 4 2 3 1 3 3 5 0 2 3 0 4 4 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 3 2 2 1 4 3 2 4 2 1 2 3 2 The data is also in Excel format on Blackboard: FamilySizeData. xls. (a) Obtain a point estimate for the mean and standard deviation number of children of all couples who have been married 7 years. (b) What is the shape of the distribution of the sample mean? Why? c) Compute a 95% confidence interval for the mean number of children of all couples who have been married 7 years. Interpret this interval. (d) Compute a 99% confidence interval for the mean number of children of all couples who have been married 7 years. Interpret this interval. (e) You wish to conduct your own study to determine the mean number of children of all couples who have been married 7 years. What sample size would be needed for the estimate to be within 0. 25 (interval length is 0. 5) with 99% confidence if you use the point estimates obtained in part ( a)? How to cite Confident Interval, Papers

Managing Diversities and Equal Opportunities †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Managing Diversities and Equal Opportunities. Answer: Introduction: The literary column has implied that gender inequality in the workplace of most of the Japanese firms has not been changed and the government is continuously trying to improvise the situation. The column is indicative of the fact that foreign investment can play a triumphant role in mitigating the issue as foreign companies have started to promote the significance to promote female employment. The column has been found extremely relevant as it not only shows the current place of gender diversity in the country but also has suggested a convenient way. The article indicates that it is a staple issue in Japan that the country lacks low number of female physicians in health care organizations. The article indicates that the female physicians need to have a working atmosphere that has gender diversity, part-time job option and flexible shift-timing. The article is significant enough for the present context as it implies the health care sector of Japan is also suffering from lack of gender diversity. The article has purposefully conducted a research to identify the role of foreign investment, foreign share ownership and local actors in constructing a global workplace with gender diversity. The article indicates that foreign share ownership and the experts of CSR have significant contribution than local heroes in improving the condition of gender diversity in Japan. The article is relevant based on the fact that it has indicated the indifference of most of local investors but also has pointed out how foreign share ownership can be utilized to mitigate the issue of gender diversity. The article investigates to identify to which extent, women managers and their participation impacts on workplace and productivity of an organization. The article findings show positive result and indicate that there is a strong relationship between women participation, gender diversity and corporate performance. The article is relevant for the present topic as it indicates the necessity of gender diversity for corporate performance. The article establishes the fact that employment barriers for the regular women workers in Japan have not been mitigated till now. The article have used an analytical design of workplace masculinity through which the article has recognized the particular way through which vertical segregation of sex is legitimized in organizations. With the help of the particular framework, the author has indicated that Japanese business firms need to improvise the prospects for women workers. The article has been proved to be one of the most relevant resources for the topic as it has fruitfully implied how women workers in Japan are being deprived for gender inequality. The distinct academic article has chiefly concentrated on the emerging contribution of foreign on the role and significance of female workers in Japanese workplaces. More precisely, it has been understood from the article that it is a true fact that among the foreign-acquired organizations in Japan, the role of female employees is started to get acknowledgement recently. However, the article strongly points out that instead of gaining acknowledgement lately, the fundamental condition of the women employees and the orthodox attitude towards them have not been changed. The findings presented in the article is indicative of the fact that change of ownership may bring necessary change in practice though, in order to change the orthodox patter of addressing contribution of female workers, it is required to acquire wide societal shift. The contents in the article are identified to be relevant to the considered topic and inform about the truth that till now the aspect of gender diversity has not been adopted appropriately by most of the Japanese organizations. The article informs that business firms having female outside authority or director serves lower costs the publicly traded organizational debt. Furthermore, it indicates that the governance of female outside director in stimulating corporate governance and firm characteristics have helped varied Japanese organization to avoid debt. The article significantly highlights the importance of gender diversity and the contribution of female directors in lowering corporate debts. Therefore, it is a relevant piece of literature for the present purpose. The article informs about the fact that the number of women entrepreneurs and their contribution to Japans economy is increasing in the contemporary era in Japan. The article inaugurates its concentration by indicating that the number of both female and male entrepreneurs in Japan is relatively less than other countries. The article informs that a long term support system along with potential connection between business supporters and business owners from family is required for maximizing the involvement of women entrepreneurs and workers in Japan. The article is significant for the considered topic as it infers that Japan is growing with women entrepreneurs and it will benefit the nations economy in near future. References: Abe, Y., Javorcik, B., Kodama, N. (2016). Multinationals and Female Employment: Japanese Evidence. Centre for Economic Policy Research. Arima, M., Araki, Y., Iseki, S., Mitaka, C., Hirai, N., Miyazaki, Y. (2016). Openness to Gender and Work-Term Diversity among Physicians in Japan: A Study of Alumni from a Japanese Medical School. Diversity Equality in Health and Care. Mun, E., Jung, J. (2013). Local Construction of a Global Standard: Foreign Share Ownership and Workplace Gender Diversity in Japan. Nakagawa, Y., Schreiber, G. M. (2014). Women As Drivers Of Japanese Firms' Success: The Effect Of Women Managers And Gender Diversity On Firm Performance. Journal of Diversity Management (Online), 9(1), 19. Nemoto, K. (2013). When culture resists progress: masculine organizational culture and its impacts on the vertical segregation of women in Japanese companies. Work, employment and society, 27(1), 153-169. Olcott, G., Oliver, N. (2014). The impact of foreign ownership on gender and employment relations in large Japanese companies. Work, employment and society, 28(2), 206-224. Tanaka, T. (2014). Gender diversity in the boards and the pricing of publicly traded corporate debt: evidence from Japan. Applied Financial Economics, 24(4), 247-258. Welsh, D. H., Memili, E., Kaciak, E., Ochi, M. (2014). Japanese women entrepreneurs: implications for family firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 52(2), 286-305.

Measuring and Evaluating Sustainability Ethics Indexes

Question: Discuss about the Measuring and Evaluating Sustainability for Ethics Indexes. Answer: Introduction Sustainability ensures that the requirement of the present are met without affecting the future generations ability to meet their requirements. Thus, a balance is required to be maintained between the past and future by considering the social, environmental and economic resources. According to Bell and Morse, 2008, the definition of sustainability and the ways it can be measured is being continuously argued (Bell and Morse, 2008). According to the UNEP, 2011, there is an ongoing discussion on Green Economy by the UN which states that a green economy leads to a better social life by decreasing the risk of environment (UNEP, 2011). According to SAFA, 2012, maintaining the overall sustainability requires proper governing body to address the economic, social and environment factors (SAFA, 2012). Considering this factor, a number of indicators and measurements have been created to achieve the desired results. According to Bell and Morse, 2008, if the business is only looking after the profits by reducing its costs and not considering the environment, social and economic impact then the sustainability is weak (Bell and Morse, 2008). BHP Billiton: Company Profile BHP Billiton is the worlds largest mining company in terms of market values and is into the business of mining, metals and petroleum. The company is headquartered at Melbourne, Australia. It is one of the largest producers of the commodities which includes iron ore, copper, metallurgical coal and uranium. The company is also into the production of oil, gas and energy coal. The main operations of extraction are being carried out in Australia and America. The company has a huge network of its supply across the world with Singapore, America and Houston as the major ones. The company is listed as BHP Billiton Ltd and BHP Billiton Plc and run its operations under dual listed company structure as a combined group called BHP Billiton. The company has employed over sixty five thousand employees and contractors. The company ensures the health and safety of its employees to create a healthy environment culture. The company strongly believes in creating meaningful contributions to the society a nd building a long term relationship with them through its sustainability model approach. The company has a long term strategy to run its large operations which are flexible and are diversified by the commodity, markets and geography. Its tactfully designed strategy has helped to build a sustainable model by delivering great margins throughout for many years. The company has been able to maximize its profits and returns through its diversified and low cost process and has a robust financial performance track record for many years which has delivered long term value to the shareholders. The company has a highly skilled workforce which has helped to deliver high performance. The firms employees are committed towards their work and reflect the values of the organization. They work very hard to achieve the desired results and have s strong commitment to the company. Sustainability Dimensions Sustainability is vital for any corporation and supports to integrate the environmental, social and economic factors into the decision making process. It ensures the health and safety of the suppliers, contractors and people residing in the local area. It ensures that the use of natural resources does not have any adverse impact on the environment. It creates long term relationships with the community. Socio-cultural sustainability is must for a business to run its operations successfully. It ensures that the corporation makes products that would build better lives for the people. It understand that it has corporate social responsibility and works towards the welfare of the community. It sources the materials responsibly for its business operations. BHP Billiton produces major commodities such as iron ore, metallurgical coal, uranium and copper and has also business in conventional and unconventional oil and gas and energy coal (BHP Billiton Annual Report, 2015). It responsibly sources its material from the Olympic Dam in Australia (BHP Billiton, 2016). The corporation fully understands its corporate social responsibility and strongly contributes towards the societal welfare by aliasing with the government, communities and other partners for the social and economic development. Environment sustainability ensures that the firms make use of the available resources very tactfully. The firm has to abide by the laws and regulations of the country. It has to run its business operations safely, efficiently and responsibly. Also the business practices ensure that in case there is any undesirable impact of the product on the external environment then it tries to control or minimize it. BHP Billiton is highly committed towards ensuring environmental management and understands the demonstration of environmental responsibility. It tries to minimize its requirement for environmental management by minimizing the impact within their local region. Economic sustainability provides a firms profitability. The firm has to strategically manage the customer cost as well as consumer cost so that the product is being used by them. The company has to make sure that the products it makes are being demanded by the customer. It has to understand that purchasing local goods and services would add to the economy of the country. It must pay taxes to support the community. BHP Billiton has been able to maximize its profits through strategically managing its operational costs and product costs. BHP Billiton has built an environmental management system which has been certified by the Australian government Standard AS/NZS ISO 14001. BHPs Health, Safety, Environment and Community Management Standards prescribe the roles and responsibilities of the company to abide by the environmental laws of the country. PESTEL Analysis Political Factors Political factors involve terrorism, civil unrest, introduction of government acts and policies, nationalization, lease permits (BHP Sustainability Report, 2015). Economic Factors Inflation could lead to an increase in labor costs, energy costs, operations costs, exploration expenses and cost of material. Fluctuation in currency would again impact the company economically (BHP Sustainability Report, 2015). Social Factors Social factors include developing the infrastructure for schools, houses and roads which adds to the company cost (BHP Sustainability Report, 2015). Technological Factors BHP Billiton depends on technology to run its operations such as exploring and discovering mines which is a further expense for the company. Environmental Factors BHP Billiton is a natural resources company and is adversely affected by the environmental laws, regulations and public policies. The company always faces the fear of losing its operating license and has to mandatorily abide by the environmental laws of the country (BHP Sustainability Report, 2015). Legal Factors The law suits impact the future decisions and operations of the company. Assessment of Monitoring Indicators The report has discussed all the three sustainability dimension which are social, economic and environment. One of these dimensions would be analyzed and assessed to construct the indicators that can be monitored. Environment sustainability is most crucial dimension in this case because the firms core business is to exploit the natural resources on the earth. Thus, the firm has to make sure that it fully stands responsible for controlling the impact of its business operations on the environment. The report would analyze this dimension in detail by discussing firms contributions towards environment. Environment Sustainability BHP Billiton is into the business of producing mines and coals which requires exploring the natural resources. BHP Billiton has a great responsibility towards minimizing its impact on environment to save the land, biodiversity, water and air from the adverse effects. The report shall discuss the key indicators for the sustainability of the environment in Australia. The process of extraction of coals and mines leads to the emission of green house gases in the environment which is a very adverse phenomenon. Extraction of coals and mines is done from the natural resources which make the land infertile by extracting all the minerals and useful ingredients. The land cannot be used for vegetation because of its infertility. The production process of coal and mine liberates harmful and toxic waste materials of mined rocks which requires proper disposal and cannot be just thrown out on the land or disposed in the river because it would threaten the marine life. Thus, the huge waste disposal is a big challenge. Mining process adversely affects the surrounding environment and land by the liberation of chemicals and toxic waste. It pollutes the land and makes the nearby land inhabitant for the people. Coal production liberates heavy amount of carbon in the air which pollutes the air and can have very disastrous effects in the near future. The process of production makes use of water, which is already available in scarce quantity. The production requires water in good quality and quantity for its use. With the rising population in the world water needs to be conserved and usage of water for mining would create a scarcity of water by exploiting its resources. The production of oil and gas pollutes the groundwater resources through its drilling and hydraulic fracturing process. The process makes use of toxic chemical which could have an adverse impact on the quality of the groundwater and the exploitation of groundwater well could affect the other groundwater wells. In order to do so the corporation has taken steps to address the issue by identifying the opportunities that provides service to the environmental resilience. It has taken following steps to proceed further in the activity: Sustainability Measures There are various methods to measure the indicators of sustainability direct, representative and performance measures. The easiest way to measure the sustainability indicator is to measure it directly. The land that has been impacted by the extraction of ores and mineral can directly measured through ground survey or satellite imagery. It can be measured through comparing with the historical trend and evaluate whether its fertility is increasing or decreasing. Representative indicators would help to measure a larger impact on the system and can used to determine the impact on the marine life living in water through a count of water inhabitant and whether it has increased or decreased over the period of time. Performance indicators are used to determine to impact of companys operations on the environment. It would help to determine the level of greenhouse gas emission in the air by a comparison study of the level of greenhouse gas. Biodiversity Management The survival of ecosystem is dependent on the biodiversity for food, air and water. There is an increased competition for the natural resources and land is the most useful one. Thus, it fosters the use of land as a resource more effectively. There is a risk involved in the usage of land as a resource which ensures that the company manages the impact fully so as to maintain its operating license. The corporation also understands it environmental obligations to minimize the environmental impact. It has great role to play in protecting the environment through its commitment towards the obligations. The action for the same is being laid out in the companys environment GLD. The company must abide by to not to extract its resources which lie within the periphery of the global heritage. They cannot extract resources which lie adjoining the global heritage. They cannot explore the resources within the periphery of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. In order to do so they must prepare a plan this fulfils the regulatory needs and considers the need of the stakeholders along with giving value addition to the area protected by law. They cannot function over an area where there is a risk of diminishing a wild species which is covered under the list of IUCN Red List. They cannot transfer the waste material into the river or another marine environment. BHP Billiton understands that it has to ensure managed use of water and its resources. Global Reporting Initiative Economic Performance BHP Billiton has generated value through its revenue generation, employee compensation, donating activities and community investment. It has contributed to the socio-economic lives of the people through its community activities. Further, it has maintained its minimum wage for the entry level workers. It thrives for a continuous improvement system in order to improve its operational business and manage the product cost (BHP Billiton Annual Report, 2015). It obtains its material from the Olympic Dam of Australia (BHP Billiton, 2016). It regularly pays the taxes and supports the community (BHP Billiton Annual Report, 2015). Environmental Water Management The firm has made a contribution of $35 million to the programs of environment. Its 85% of the water comes from low quality water resources. It has taken following measures to sustain this resource: Tries to minimize the use of water by increasing the efficiency of usage Makes use of those sources which provides low quality water Looks for alternative options for water supply Managing and monitoring the impact on the environment Taking initiatives towards community welfare Biodiversity Management It also makes efforts to minimize greenhouse gas emissions which could have adverse impact on the biodiversity and ecosystems. It addresses the issue with its compensatory actions so as to minimize the impact (BHP Billiton Annual Report, 2015). The corporation maintains the biodiversity of the regions in which it operates by appreciating the need of conserving them. The firm has developed plans for the management of biodiversity which would include controlling and minimizing the impact before the compensatory actions with the support of Environment GLD. Social Employment BHP has maintained its gender ratio and 15 percent of the employees are female in Australia. The ratio of male and female is dollar 1.1 in Australia. Labor and Management Relations BHP gives a notice period of one to eight weeks as per the role of employee. Further it emphasizes on fostering safe and engaging workplace by maintaining the diversity. It also has a reward system in the company (BHP Billiton Annual Report, 2015).. Health and Safety Further it has implemented policies concerning the health and safety of the employees. The figure for Occupational illness per million hours worked employees is 5.5 in Australia (BHP Billiton Annual Report, 2015).. Training and education BHP has created programs to train its employees and give them an opportunity to evolve as a leader. 84 percent of its employees were involved in the process of management (BHP Billiton Annual Report, 2015). Assessing the Dunphy Phase of BHP Billiton Now assessing the Dunphy phase of BHP Billiton would help to evaluate the sustainability level of the company. The company is at the 4th stage of Dunphy which is Efficiency. The stage reflects that the company is growing in terms of its corporate social responsibility and making attempts to develop an integrated HR system and increase its efficiency. BHP Billiton has carefully calculated the cost of utilizing natural resources and making a positive effort towards a sustainable environment though elimination of waste, minimizing the use of resources. But the firm is still avoiding the environmental issues when it comes to avoiding company costs which brings it under the 4th phase of Dunphy. Thus, the firm must build proactive strategies and redesign its product and processes to ensure environment sustainability. BHP Billiton would have to redesign its products so as to minimize the use of water and use low quality of water so as to conserve water for the future generation. BHP Billiton must redesign its processes so as dispose less waste material and the marine life is not harmed and the number of inhabitants are not reduced. BHP Billiton should contribute towards the welfare of the environment so as to compensate its effect which its processes have created on the environment. Monitoring the Plan Once the above steps are taken, then it must monitor them regularly through internal audit process and measuring the indicators whether there has been any improvement. Indicator Measurement Limitations Bio diversity Infertility through loss of minerals Since extraction of minerals and ores is the core business of the firm, therefore it cannot be minimized Water and marine life Disposing toxic waste material in river Since toxic waste material would be generated from the mine rocks, which requires proper disposal. Since the waste cannot be disposed on land because it would affect the inhabitants in the local area, therefore, water is the only mode of disposing the material. Ground well Toxic chemical Production of petroleum and gas would require drilling in the wells which cannot be controlled. Air Emission of greenhouse gas and carbon in the air The process of mining involves emission of greenhouse which cannot be controlled or compensated just by paying taxes for emission. Conclusion Thus, the report has reviewed all the sustainability indicators which are social, economic and environment. Environment is an important indicator for the firm because of its core business operations. The key indicators are bio diversity, water, air and ground well for the environment sustainability. The firm is categorized as Efficient in the Dunphy phase because it still has a scope to transfer towards the phase of strategic sustainability. List of References Bell, S., Morse, S. (2008). Sustainability Indicators:Measuring the Immeasurable?. London: Earthscan. Bell, S., Morse, S. (2012). Sustainability Indicators:Measuring the Immeasurable?. London: Routledge. Bell, S., Morse, S. (2013). Measuring Sustainability:Learning From Doing. London: Routledge. BHP Billiton. (2008). Environmental Management and Commitments. BHP Billiton. Retrieved from: https://www.bhpbilliton.com/-/media/bhp/regulatory-information-media/iron-ore/western-australia-iron-ore/0000/main-document/persection12environmentalmanagement.pdf BHP Sustainability Report. (2015). Taking the long view Sustainability Report. BHP Sustainability Report. Retrieved from: https://www.bhpbilliton.com/~/media/bhp/documents/investors/annual-reports/2015/bhpbillitonsustainabilityreport2015 BHP. (2016). BHP. Retrieved from: https://www.bhpbilliton.com/our-businesses Bice, S. (2016). Responsible Mining:Key Principles for Industry Integrity. New York: Routledge. Carrington, D. (2014). Fossil fuel divestment campaign targets UCL and BHP Billiton. The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/oct/23/fossil-fuel-divestment-campaign-targets-ucl-and-bhp-billiton DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS STATISTICS DIVISION UNITED NATIONS. (2011). Measuring Environmental Sustainability: Draft Report of the Eurostat Task Force 2. United Nations. Retrieved from: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envaccounting/ceea/meetings/UNCEEA-6-13-1.pdf Dillard, J., Dujon, V., King, M.C. (2008). Understanding the Social Dimension of Sustainability. New York: Routledge. Donovan, J.D., Topple, C., Masli, E.K., Vanichseni, T. (2016). Corporate Sustainability Assessments:Sustainability practices of multinational enterprises in Thailand. New York: Routledge. Epstein, M.J., Buhovac, A.R. (2014). Making Sustainability Work:Best Practices in Managing and Measuring Corporate Social, Environmental, and Economic Impacts. California: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Fredericks, S.E. (2013). Measuring and Evaluating Sustainability:Ethics in Sustainability Indexes. New York: Routledge Fund, C. (2015). Measuring Sustainable Development. The Energy Extraction in the European Arctic Ocean. Munich: GRIN Verlag. Georgia-Pacific. (2016). The Three Dimensions Of Sustainability. Georgia-Pacific. Retrieved from: https://www.gp.com/Company/Sustainability/Three-Dimensions Hezri,A.A., Dovers, S.R. (2006). Sustainability indicators, policy and governance: Issues for ecological economics. Ecological Economies, 60(1), 86-99. Hunt, L. (2013). Business Improvement Sustainability Frameworks and Indicators: Literature Review. The New Zealand Sustainability Dashboard. Retrieved from: https://www.nzdashboard.org.nz/uploads/2/3/7/3/23730248/13_05_business_improvement_sustainability_indicators_lr_final_v2.pdf Mehra, M. (2013). BHP Billiton: climate change leader or laggard?. The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/blog/bhp-billiton-climate-change-leader-laggard Nordic Council of Ministers. (2006). Measuring Sustainability and Decoupling:A Survey of Methodology and Practice. Denmark: Nordic Council of Ministers. Pratley, N. (2016). BHP Billiton faces legal spat in which all tactics are deemed fair. The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/nils-pratley-on-finance/2016/may/04/bhp-billiton-compensation-brazil-dam-disaster Skills for Sustainability. (2016). Sustainability indicators. Skills for Sustainability: Manufacturing Skills for Australia. Retrieved from: https://sustainabilityskills.net.au/what-is-sustainability/sustainability-indicators/ Thompson, P., Macklin, R. (2010). The Big Fella:The Rise and Rise of BHP Billiton. Australia: Random House Australia.